These Xenos seem to be reincarnations of previous monsters that have been killed multiple times by adventurers. Unlike other monsters, they are intelligent, though some are unable to talk at all. Some monsters, through unknown means, have been reborn into an existence known as the Xenos ( 異端児 ( ゼノス )). Monsters until around the Lower Floors have low intelligence and often repeat assaults on instinct, but the ones in the Deep Floors have higher intelligence that they know the concept of retreating. Monsters appeared from the dungeon even before the Gods and Goddesses came from Heaven and some still live on the surface in various places however, monsters on the surface use the power of their magic stone to multiply, and so those on the surface are far weaker than the same ones inside the Dungeon. They are the enemies of the people and will attack without any warning. Monsters are born from the walls and ceilings of the dungeon and fight adventurers.
Present on the mainland – tūī ( Prosthermadera novaeseelandiae), bellbird ( Anthornis melanura), kererū ( Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae), weka ( Gallirallus australis).Monsters (モンスター) are creatures born from the Dungeon that serve as an enemy to the world. Confined to predator-proof mainland sites or offshore islands – saddleback ( Philesturnus carunculatus), hihi ( Notiomystis cincta), kōkako ( Callaeas cinerea), whitehead ( Mohoua albicilla). Extinct – piopio ( Turnagra capensis), 2 species of moa with small gizzard stones ( Euryapteryx spp.), huia ( Heteralocha acutirostris). In New Zealand forests, only 12 species of bird have been responsible for the majority of tree seed dispersal, but many are now extinct: As many of our native birds are now confined to small predator-proof mainland sites or offshore islands, what might the future hold for our native flora, which is so dependent on this process? Once a seed has passed through the digestive tract of a bird, it will often be dropped far away from the host tree’s location, enabling the tree to potentially colonise a new area. Native plants are dependent on birds for successful seed dispersal and regeneration. Many seeds located within these fruits have coats that must be weakened by chemicals as they pass through the digestive system of another organism. Over 70% of plants in our woody forest in New Zealand have fleshy fruit. Scientists have used this knowledge to inform their understanding of ecosystems and the interactions between species within these systems. Science is a process of trying to figure out how the world works by making careful observations and then making sense of these observations. Our native birds are attracted to the flowers of these trees and carry pollen from flower to flower on their beaks as they seek nectar, pollinating flora as they move. These organisms carry pollen grains from the anther to the receptive part (stigma) of the plant to allow pollination to occur.įlax ( Phormium tenax), kōwhai ( Sophora microphylla), northern and southern rātā ( Metrosideros robusta and Metrosideros umbellate) and tree fuchsia ( Fuchsia excorticata) are New Zealand native trees all pollinated by birds. Pollination is the process where pollen is transferred within and between plants enabling fertilisation and reproduction.īees, wasps, butterflies and (most importantly in New Zealand) birds act as pollinators. 
Many native trees cannot perform these processes without the intervention of birds.īirds are the primary pollinators and seed dispersers in New Zealand native bush. While the bird receives nectar or fruit (in the form of berries) from the tree it visits, the tree benefits by having another organism carry out the process of pollination or seed dispersal. Native birds interacting with the flora in our ecosystems have a mutualistic relationship – that is, they both benefit from the relationship. This transfer of energy continues as feeding relationships occur between plants and animals.
Flora then becomes a food source for birds, animals and insects. This light energy is used in a process called photosynthesis, allowing plant matter (flora) to grow. Energy flows into an ecosystem usually via sunlight.
All ecosystems, whether they are marine, freshwater or located in native bush, involve the transfer of energy.
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